5.2 Carbohydrates provide fuel and building material

• A carbohydrate is an organic compound made up of sugar molecules
• Sugars is made of a ratio of 1 carbon 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen
• Simple sugars are called monosaccharides
• Disaccharides are just two mono saccharides held together with a chain
• Polysaccharides are long polymer chains made of simple sugars
• Glycogen is a polysaccharides that stores extra sugar
• When the body needs energy it breaks down this glycogen for sugar
• The polysaccharide cellulose protect cells and stiffen plants preventing it from falling over
• Cellulose is fiber, and it goes through the digestive tract unchanged carbon keeps you healthy but it gives you no nutrients
• Almost all carbohydrates are hydrophobic
  
  

Concept Check:

1. Explain the difference between a Monosaccharide and a Disaccharide. Give an example of each.

The difference between a monosaccharide and a disaccharide is that a monosaccharide has just 1 sugar unit while a disaccharide has 2. 1 monosaccharide is Glucose, a disaccharide is sucrose (meaning multiple).

2. Compare and contrast starch, glycogen, and cellulose.

All are polysaccharides, found in plants and have glucose monomers. starch is found in plant cells where as glycogen cells and cellulose and they protect cells

3. How do animals store excess glucose molecules?

Excess glucose in animals is stored through starch

Starch